In Brazil, what is known as Criminal Faction, a term used in academic and journalistic circles that has no particular definition, does not correspond to what is understood as Criminal Organization. This notion comes from the Palermo Convention and offers the Italian perspective on an issue related to mafia groups. It also reflects that we try to find in other countries solutions to issues that we alone have and Brazilians'' low-self-reliance dilemmas, which the playwright and writer Nelson Rodrigues referred to as the "mongrel complex." This work, written by personnel of the police and the Public Prosecutor''s Office, is a collection of studies conducted in Brazil that use Comparative Law to answer pressing national issues. It offers a new and fresh look at Public Safety and Police Science matters without being parochial or seeking for extraneous solutions.